制作美国签证照片

https://tsg.phototool.state.gov/photo, 这是官方的对签证照片进行裁剪和审查的一个网站 。

From:https://tsg.phototool.state.gov/photo

对于自己拍摄的照片，可能需要去除背景，可用的方式包括：

开源的BackgroundRemover （https://github.com/nadermx/backgroundremover）

免费的在线网站：https://www.fococlipping.com/clip 

 https://photoscissors.com/user/images

https://editphotosforfree.com/photoapps/remove-background-from-image-online

免费编辑和排版：

https://www.oddprints.com/edit

http://www.sandcomp.com/blog/sandphoto/

美国的医疗保险

A deductible is the amount you pay for health care services each year before your health insurance begins to pay. The higher a plan’s deductible, the lower the premium. The lower a plan’s deductible, the higher the premium. You’ll pay more each month, but your plan will start sharing the costs sooner because you’ll reach your deductible faster.

A copay is the fixed amount you pay for a covered health care service like an office visit or pick up prescription drugs after you've paid your deductible.

A coinsurance is a set percentage the customer pays for a covered service. For instance, a copay for a doctor’s visit may be $25, you would pay a $25 copay for each visit to your doctor. On the other hand a coinsurance for a similar visit could be 30% and if a doctor’s appointment costs your insurance company $100, then you would owe $30 at the time of your visit.

An out-of-pocket maximum is the amount that you reach that amount you will not have to pay anymore out-of-pocket for covered care for the rest of the year – this includes coinsurance and copay.

Reference:

https://www.ehealthinsurance.com/resources/individual-and-family/what-is-the-difference-between-a-copay-and-deductible#:~:text=A%20copay%20is%20a%20common,health%20insurance%20company%20starts%20paying.

如何选择叶酸

Folic acid is the man-made form of folate, a B vitamin. 

Many breakfast cereals (in U.S.) have 100% of your recommended daily value (400 micrograms) of folic acid. Folate is found naturally in some foods. Foods that are naturally high in folate include:

* unpopulated spinach and other dark green, leafy vegetables

* unpopulated oranges and orange juice

* unpopulated nuts

* unpopulated beans

* unpopulated poultry (chicken,turkey,duck, and geese) and meat

* unpopulated whole grains

From:FOLIC ACID: A POSITION STATEMENT FOR PROVIDERS

From :Women's Nutrition: Folate/Folic Acid

                                                  

Most multivitamins sold in the U.S. contain 400 micro-grams, or 100% of the daily value, of folic acid.  Look for "USP" or "NSF" on the label when choosing vitamins. These "seals of approval" mean the pills are made properly and have the amounts of vitamins it says on the label. Check the "Supplements Facts" label to be sure you are getting 400-800 micrograms of folic acid. Some brands list the word “folate” on the label, others use “folic acid,” but either term is okay as long as the supplement provides 400 mcg.

1 mcg DFE = 0.6 mcg folic acid and 1 mcg L-5-methylfolate = 1 mcg folic acid

Reference:

https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/folic-acid#18

http://publichealth.lacounty.gov/mch/reproductivehealth/PreconceptionHealth/PCHFiles/Folic%20Acid%20WAPC.pdf

https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fs265